Foxes In Southern Wisconsin

Foxes are a fascinating and adaptable species found throughout Southern Wisconsin, thriving in both rural and suburban environments. These intelligent, resourceful creatures are a common sight, but many homeowners are unsure how to handle their presence or prevent conflicts. At Critter Control of Southern Wisconsin, we understand the importance of maintaining harmony with wildlife, and we’re here to provide you with everything you need to know about foxes in our region.

Understanding Fox Behavior

Foxes are members of the Canidae family, which also includes wolves, coyotes, and domestic dogs. In Southern Wisconsin, the two most common species of fox are the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and the gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus). Each species has distinct characteristics, but both are known for their cunning behavior and ability to adapt to urban and suburban landscapes.

Red Foxes: These foxes are larger than their gray cousins, with bright red fur, white-tipped tails, and a characteristic black "stocking" on their legs. They tend to be more active during the day but can also be seen at night.
Gray Foxes: Smaller and more elusive, gray foxes have grayer fur and a somewhat unique trait: they are excellent climbers. They often den in trees and shrubs, unlike red foxes, which typically stay closer to the ground.

Foxes in Southern Wisconsin are opportunistic feeders, meaning they will eat a variety of foods depending on what’s available. Their diet includes small mammals like rodents, rabbits, and squirrels, along with fruits, insects, and even birds. In urban and suburban areas, they may also forage in trash cans or garden beds, which can lead to increased encounters with humans.

Why Foxes Are Common in Southern Wisconsin

Foxes thrive in Southern Wisconsin for several reasons:

Abundant Food Sources: The area offers plenty of food for foxes, including small mammals, birds, and insects. Suburban areas with yards, gardens, and trash provide additional food sources.

Diverse Habitats: Foxes can live in a wide range of habitats, from woodlands and forests to farmlands and urban areas. Southern Wisconsin’s mix of forests, agricultural land, and suburban communities offers plenty of places for foxes to den, hunt, and raise their young.

Mild Winters: Foxes have thick fur coats that allow them to survive harsh winters, but mild winters in Southern Wisconsin make it easier for them to forage and remain active year-round.

Common Signs of Fox Activity

Foxes are generally shy and elusive, but they leave behind certain signs that indicate their presence. Here are a few common indicators that foxes are near your property:

Tracks: Fox tracks are similar to those of a dog but smaller. Red foxes leave behind tracks that are approximately 2.5–3 inches long, with a pointed shape and a visible arch. The tracks often show four toes, a distinct pad, and a narrow, elongated print.

Scent: Foxes mark their territory with urine, which has a strong, musky odor. If you notice an unusual smell around your yard or near entry points to your home, it could be a sign of a fox passing through.

Droppings: Fox droppings are cylindrical and usually about 2-3 inches long, often containing undigested remnants of their food, such as fur or bones. You might find these droppings in your yard or near dens.

Nests or Dens: Foxes often dig dens in the ground, typically under sheds, porches, or in overgrown areas. These dens may have a noticeable entrance and be lined with grass, leaves, and other materials.

Sightings: Foxes are most active at dawn and dusk, although they can also be seen during the night or early morning hours. If you see one, it may be quickly moving through your yard or foraging for food.

Why Foxes May Enter Your Yard or Home

Foxes are curious animals, and they may enter your yard or home for several reasons:

Food Sources: Foxes are opportunistic feeders. If your trash cans are not securely sealed, or if you have outdoor pet food, bird feeders, or fruit trees, these may attract foxes.
Shelter: Foxes often seek shelter to raise their young or escape from predators. Your shed, attic, or basement may seem like a perfect spot for a fox to den. They may also burrow in dense shrubbery or under porches.
Protection: Foxes may enter areas that provide protection from larger predators like coyotes, wolves, or even domestic dogs.

How to Prevent Foxes from Entering Your Home

If you want to keep foxes from becoming unwelcome guests, it’s important to take steps to secure your property and make it less attractive to these clever creatures.

Seal Potential Entry Points: Inspect your property for potential entry points where foxes could get in. Check the foundation, roofline, and exterior vents. If you have a crawlspace, basement, or shed, make sure these areas are securely sealed with materials like hardware cloth or metal mesh.

Secure Trash and Food Sources: Foxes will scavenge from garbage, so make sure trash bins have tight-fitting lids and are stored in a secure area. Don’t leave pet food or bird seed outdoors, especially at night when foxes are most active.

Trim Shrubs and Trees: Foxes are adept climbers and burrowers. Trim back any overgrown vegetation, shrubs, or tree branches that could offer cover or a path to access your roof or other entry points.

Install Fencing: A fence can help keep foxes out, but it should be tall and buried at least a few inches into the ground to prevent digging. A solid fence can also block the view of your yard, making it less enticing for curious foxes.

Use Fox Repellents: If foxes are becoming a persistent problem, natural repellents like cayenne pepper or predator urine can be effective deterrents. You can also try motion-activated lights or sprinklers to discourage foxes from approaching your property.

Remove Potential Dens: If you notice foxes making a den near your home, it’s important to remove any shelter they may be using. If a fox is already living in your yard, it’s best to contact a wildlife control expert to handle the removal process safely and humanely.

What to Do If You Encounter a Fox

Foxes are generally shy and avoid human interaction, but it’s still important to know what to do if you come across one:

Stay Calm: If you encounter a fox, remain calm and avoid making sudden movements. Most foxes will retreat at the sight of humans.
Keep Pets Inside: Keep your pets, especially small dogs and cats, inside when foxes are active. Foxes may see them as prey or competition for food.
Call a Professional: If a fox is showing signs of aggression, is sick, or has become a nuisance on your property, contact a professional wildlife control service. They can handle the situation safely and humanely.

Foxes are a natural and valuable part of Southern Wisconsin’s wildlife, but they can sometimes pose a problem for homeowners. By understanding their behavior and taking proactive measures to secure your property, you can reduce the risk of foxes invading your space. If you’re dealing with a fox-related issue, the experts at Critter Control of Southern Wisconsin are here to help with humane solutions to protect your home.